1. The falling tone on ‘sit’ and ‘down’ shows that the speaker is angry or displeased. (p32)
降調(diào)落在sit 和down上表明說(shuō)話者很心煩或不高興。
▲dis-前綴，與形容詞、副詞、名詞或動(dòng)詞結(jié)合表示否定、相反或相對(duì)。
dishonest不誠(chéng)實(shí)的 disagree不同意 disadvantage不利條件
discomfortable不舒服的 disbelieve不相信 disbelief不相信，懷疑
discouraged泄氣的 disabled殘疾的 disconnect使不連接
disorder凌亂，無(wú)秩序 disappear消失 disrespect不敬，無(wú)禮
dissatisfied不滿意的
2. Often only a few words are used to make a main point, and the rest of the writing is merely supporting information. (p34)說(shuō)明要點(diǎn)通常只用幾句話，而其余部分只是些輔助信息。
only (just) a few+[C], only (just) a little+[U]僅有幾個(gè),只有少量的
few 和little前有only/just時(shí)，冠詞a不可省去。
①Only a few people knew about it.
②There's only a little money left now.
③Few people understood it.
the rest其余的，其他的。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，若代表復(fù)數(shù)概念，與復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)連用；若代表不可數(shù)或單數(shù)概念，與單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)連用。
①The rest of the class are against the plan.
②I'11 take my share, and the rest of the money is yours.
③The rest of your composition is okay.
3. All that worrying I did was for nothing. （p34）我白擔(dān)心了。
I did為省略了關(guān)系代詞that的定語(yǔ)從句。
for nothing[習(xí)] 1)without payment，free: Children under 5 can travel for nothing. 2)with no reward or result；to no purpose徒勞All that preparation was for nothing because the meeting was called off.
4. I didn't fail my maths test after all, Miss Xu mixed up my results with someone else's.（p34）
我數(shù)學(xué)考試歸根到底沒(méi)有不及格，徐老師把我的成績(jī)與別人的成績(jī)搞混了。
after all 1) in spite of what has been said, done or expected 畢竟，終究，竟然(大都放于句末) I thought I was going to fail the exam, but I passed after all. She thought it was a diamond necklace, but it wasn't a real one after all. 2) it should be remembered 別忘了，畢竟 (多數(shù)情況用于句首)You should be proud of him, after all, he is just a child.
5. I called your radio show last week to ask for your advice about a problem my mum and I had. (p35)
上周我給你們的廣播節(jié)目打了電話，就我和我媽之間存在的問(wèn)題征求您的竟見(jiàn)。
advice[U]勸告，忠告，建議 advise v.
|
a piece of advice —條建議
give sb advice on… 就……給某人提建議
ask for one's advice 征求某人的意見(jiàn)
take／follow one's advice 聽(tīng)從某人的建議
advise doing建議做
advise sb．to do建議某人做
advise that…(should)do 建議…… |
①Can you give me some advice on how to study English?
②He asked for my advice on reforming teaching methods.
③If you take my advice, you'll surely succeed.
④It is foolish of him not to follow his father's advice.
⑤The advice he gave me was that I (should) take medical advice.
⑥I advise starting early.
⑦He was advised to give up smoking.
6. What's up, Mum? (p36) 出了什么事，媽媽?
What's up? 常用于非正式文體，相當(dāng)于What's happening?／What's the matter?意為“出了什么事(不尋常或不愉快之事)?” 即表示“發(fā)生，進(jìn)行”之意。
①What's up? Why are they crying?
②I knew something was up by the look on their faces.
7. I'm sorry, but you must get it tidied up before you go out today. (p36)
對(duì)不起，今天在你出去之前你必須先把房間整理好。
get it tidied up 為get/have sth. done結(jié)構(gòu)。
tidy
adj. 1)安排或排列整齊的a tidy room/desk 2)愛(ài)整齊的，有整齊習(xí)慣的a tidy boy v.使整齊You'd better tidy the room (up) before they arrive. Tidy your toys away when you finish playing. She tidies out the cupboard once a week.
英語(yǔ)中有很多形容詞可直接轉(zhuǎn)換成動(dòng)詞，最常見(jiàn)的有：
adj. v. adj. v.
clean 干凈的---弄干凈; slow 慢的---變慢，使慢
empty 空的----倒空 warm 溫暖的---使暖和
clear 潔凈的----清理 right 正確的----改正
dirty 臟的-----弄臟 free 自由的----使自由
better 較好的----改善 busy 忙碌的---使忙碌
8. Don't you talk to me like that! (p36)你不要那樣跟我說(shuō)話!
▲該句為含有主語(yǔ)的祈使句。祈使句通常不出現(xiàn)主語(yǔ)，用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、命令、號(hào)召、建議、祝愿或叮囑等。但有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)、對(duì)比或表示說(shuō)話人發(fā)怒、生氣等感情，或僅僅為了明確指出是向誰(shuí)提出請(qǐng)求或命令，主語(yǔ)可表示出來(lái)。
①Lili, you clean the door and Wugang, you tidy the cupboard.
②John stand and the rest of you sit down.
③You be quiet!
④Everyone sit down, please!
⑤Don't you forget to bring the key.
⑥D(zhuǎn)on't you be careless.
相關(guān)高考試題(NMET 2003)
-Sorry, Joe, I don't mean to …
-Don't call me Joe. I'm Mr. Parker to you, and ____ you forget it!
A. do B. didn't C. did D. don't
該題考查帶主語(yǔ)的祈使句。該句中否定祈使句加了主語(yǔ)you，加強(qiáng)了說(shuō)話者不滿的語(yǔ)氣。答案:D
9. Mmn, two hours won't make a bit of difference. (p36) 媽，過(guò)兩個(gè)小時(shí)再干不也一樣嗎?
won't make a bit of difference＝will make no difference 產(chǎn)生不了什么差別／造不成任何影響。difference前可加no，some，much，little等修飾。
make a difference產(chǎn)生差別；造成影響；起重要作用
①It makes a difference which you choose.
②Your help will certainly make a difference.
③It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not.
④As a day or two makes little difference, we will start together this morning.
⑤We should make a difference between right and wrong.
10. But I don't think you are being fair at all. (p36) 但是我認(rèn)為你這樣一點(diǎn)都不公平。
I don't think…該句使用了否定轉(zhuǎn)移。除think外，believe，suppose，feel，see，expect，imagine等表示個(gè)人見(jiàn)解的動(dòng)詞也可作此用法，即將賓語(yǔ)從句的否定形式，轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上述動(dòng)詞之前。
上述情況下若主句主語(yǔ)為第一人稱，后跟反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，應(yīng)針對(duì)從句進(jìn)行反問(wèn)，且把not考慮在內(nèi)。
Note: (1)didn't think有時(shí)表示 “沒(méi)有料到”之意。
(2)hope，say，tell，guess等后跟賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)一般不存在否定轉(zhuǎn)移現(xiàn)象。
①I don't imagine he'll enjoy it.
②I don't think you're in the right.
③I don't expect she'll come.
④I don't believe he's at home.
⑤I don't think he is happy, is he?
⑥I don't suppose that he cares, does he?
⑦M(jìn)rs Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design s digital camera, does she?
⑧I didn't think you would be so late.
⑨I hope you weren't ill.
⑩He said that she wouldn't come.
are being fair使用了be的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。系動(dòng)詞be一般不使用進(jìn)行時(shí)，但當(dāng)需要表達(dá)某種特殊含義(如短暫性，臨時(shí)性、轉(zhuǎn)義等)時(shí)，也可使用進(jìn)行時(shí)。
①He is rude. 他很粗魯。(長(zhǎng)久性)
②He is being rude to ask such a question. 他問(wèn)這樣的問(wèn)題很粗魯。(暫時(shí)性)
③They are friendly. 他們很友好。(長(zhǎng)久性、事實(shí))
④They are being friendly. 他們顯得很友好。(一時(shí)性，表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的)
能與be的進(jìn)行時(shí)連用的只是某些動(dòng)態(tài)形容詞，如：angry, careful, careless, clever, foolish, generous, kind, brave, stupid, rude, polite, thoughtful等。而big，small，tall，dirty，1arge等靜態(tài)形容詞則不能與be的進(jìn)行時(shí)連用。
11. What did they do to fix their problem? （p37）他們是怎樣解決他們的問(wèn)題的?
fix v.
①The table was fixed to the floor. (固定，安裝)
②Let's fix (up) a date for the meeting.( 確定，決定)
③He fixed his eyes on the person.( 定睛看，集中注意力于)
④His car has broken down. He has to have it fixed.( 修理，調(diào)整)
⑤Why not fix your room now?( 整頓，整理)
12. What is the new situation like? （p37）現(xiàn)在的情形怎么樣?
What is…like? ……怎么樣? like為介詞，what是其賓語(yǔ)。
①What's the weather like today?今天天氣怎么樣?
②-What is he like? -He isn't a good-looking man but he is very kind-hearted.
[c.f.] situation, state, condition
situation局面，狀況，形勢(shì)，境地，主要指各種情況間的相互關(guān)系以及與有關(guān)人之間的關(guān)系，即強(qiáng)調(diào)相互間的聯(lián)系和影響。the international situation 國(guó)際形勢(shì) the political situation 政治局面 the present situation 目前形勢(shì)
state狀態(tài)，狀況，只有單數(shù)形式，常與 a 連用，說(shuō)明某一種狀態(tài)或狀況，與介詞in搭配使用。
condition條件，狀況，常用于短語(yǔ)：in good/poor/etc. condition狀況好／壞等。(be)in a condition to do 適宜于做be in no condition to do不適宜做in/out of condition身體好／欠佳
①How should we face the worsening situation?
②The situation in America is the same.
③She is in a good state of mind.
④At that time, the whole country was in a state of war.
⑤He is in no condition to travel.
⑥The condition of his health prevented him from working.
⑦I've had no exercise for ages. I'm really out of condition.
⑧All the goods have arrived in good condition.
深圳人家教網(wǎng)：http://www.szrjj.com
, , , , ZH-CN">安排或排列整齊的
a tidy room/desk 2)愛(ài)整齊的，有整齊習(xí)慣的
a tidy boy v.使整齊
You'd better tidy the room (up) before they arrive. Tidy your toys away when you finish playing. She tidies out the cupboard once a week.
英語(yǔ)中有很多形容詞可直接轉(zhuǎn)換成動(dòng)詞，最常見(jiàn)的有：
adj. v. adj. v.
clean 干凈的---弄干凈; slow 慢的---變慢，使慢
empty 空的----倒空 warm 溫暖的---使暖和
clear 潔凈的----清理 right 正確的----改正
dirty 臟的-----弄臟 free 自由的----使自由
better 較好的----改善 busy 忙碌的---使忙碌
8. Don't you talk to me like that! (p36)你不要那樣跟我說(shuō)話!
▲該句為含有主語(yǔ)的祈使句。祈使句通常不出現(xiàn)主語(yǔ)，用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、命令、號(hào)召、建議、祝愿或叮囑等。但有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)、對(duì)比或表示說(shuō)話人發(fā)怒、生氣等感情，或僅僅為了明確指出是向誰(shuí)提出請(qǐng)求或命令，主語(yǔ)可表示出來(lái)。
①Lili, you clean the door and Wugang, you tidy the cupboard.
②John stand and the rest of you sit down.
③You be quiet!
④Everyone sit down, please!
⑤Don't you forget to bring the key.
⑥D(zhuǎn)on't you be careless.
相關(guān)高考試題(NMET 2003)
-Sorry, Joe, I don't mean to …
-Don't call me Joe. I'm Mr. Parker to you, and ____ you forget it!
A. do B. didn't C. did D. don't
該題考查帶主語(yǔ)的祈使句。該句中否定祈使句加了主語(yǔ)you，加強(qiáng)了說(shuō)話者不滿的語(yǔ)氣。答案:D
9. Mmn, two hours won't make a bit of difference. (p36) 媽，過(guò)兩個(gè)小時(shí)再干不也一樣嗎?
won't make a bit of difference＝will make no difference 產(chǎn)生不了什么差別／造不成任何影響。difference前可加no，some，much，little等修飾。
make a difference產(chǎn)生差別；造成影響；起重要作用
①It makes a difference which you choose.
②Your help will certainly make a difference.
③It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not.
④As a day or two makes little difference, we will start together this morning.
⑤We should make a difference between right and wrong.
10. But I don't think you are being fair at all. (p36) 但是我認(rèn)為你這樣一點(diǎn)都不公平。
I don't think…該句使用了否定轉(zhuǎn)移。除think外，believe，suppose，feel，see，expect，imagine等表示個(gè)人見(jiàn)解的動(dòng)詞也可作此用法，即將賓語(yǔ)從句的否定形式，轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上述動(dòng)詞之前。
上述情況下若主句主語(yǔ)為第一人稱，后跟反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，應(yīng)針對(duì)從句進(jìn)行反問(wèn)，且把not考慮在內(nèi)。
Note: (1)didn't think有時(shí)表示 “沒(méi)有料到”之意。
(2)hope，say，tell，guess等后跟賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)一般不存在否定轉(zhuǎn)移現(xiàn)象。
①I don't imagine he'll enjoy it.
②I don't think you're in the right.
③I don't expect she'll come.
④I don't believe he's at home.
⑤I don't think he is happy, is he?
⑥I don't suppose that he cares, does he?
⑦M(jìn)rs Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design s digital camera, does she?
⑧I didn't think you would be so late.
⑨I hope you weren't ill.
⑩He said that she wouldn't come.
are being fair使用了be的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。系動(dòng)詞be一般不使用進(jìn)行時(shí)，但當(dāng)需要表達(dá)某種特殊含義(如短暫性，臨時(shí)性、轉(zhuǎn)義等)時(shí)，也可使用進(jìn)行時(shí)。
①He is rude. 他很粗魯。(長(zhǎng)久性)
②He is being rude to ask such a question. 他問(wèn)這樣的問(wèn)題很粗魯。(暫時(shí)性)
③They are friendly. 他們很友好。(長(zhǎng)久性、事實(shí))
④They are being friendly. 他們顯得很友好。(一時(shí)性，表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的)
能與be的進(jìn)行時(shí)連用的只是某些動(dòng)態(tài)形容詞，如：angry, careful, careless, clever, foolish, generous, kind, brave, stupid, rude, polite, thoughtful等。而big，small，tall，dirty，1arge等靜態(tài)形容詞則不能與be的進(jìn)行時(shí)連用。
11. What did they do to fix their problem? （p37）他們是怎樣解決他們的問(wèn)題的?
fix v.
①The table was fixed to the floor. (固定，安裝)
②Let's fix (up) a date for the meeting.( 確定，決定)
③He fixed his eyes on the person.( 定睛看，集中注意力于)
④His car has broken down. He has to have it fixed.( 修理，調(diào)整)
⑤Why not fix your room now?( 整頓，整理)
12. What is the new situation like? （p37）現(xiàn)在的情形怎么樣?
What is…like? ……怎么樣? like為介詞，what是其賓語(yǔ)。
①What's the weather like today?今天天氣怎么樣?
②-What is he like? -He isn't a good-looking man but he is very kind-hearted.
[c.f.] situation, state, condition
situation局面，狀況，形勢(shì)，境地，主要指各種情況間的相互關(guān)系以及與有關(guān)人之間的關(guān)系，即強(qiáng)調(diào)相互間的聯(lián)系和影響。the international situation 國(guó)際形勢(shì) the political situation 政治局面 the present situation 目前形勢(shì)
state狀態(tài)，狀況，只有單數(shù)形式，常與 a 連用，說(shuō)明某一種狀態(tài)或狀況，與介詞in搭配使用。
condition條件，狀況，常用于短語(yǔ)：in good/poor/etc. condition狀況好／壞等。(be)in a condition to do 適宜于做be in no condition to do不適宜做in/out of condition身體好／欠佳
①How should we face the worsening situation?
②The situation in America is the same.
③She is in a good state of mind.
④At that time, the whole country was in a state of war.
⑤He is in no condition to travel.
⑥The condition of his health prevented him from working.
⑦I've had no exercise for ages. I'm really out of condition.
⑧All the goods have arrived in good condition.
